The factors influencing community group effectiveness (Box 3) can be used as a guideline by selecting the relevant factors and ignoring the irrelevant ones. Gupta, A. K. (1985). This study highlights the effect of farmer-based organization on maize farm productivity in OHVN zone in Mali using a cross-sectional data from 405 maize farmers in this area. Chamala, S. (1991). Establishing a Core Group of Leaders to Draft a Proposal. In S. Chamala & K. Keith (Eds. In H. K. Schwarzweller (Ed. The Forum facilitates a permanent process of consultation between these producer organizations, IFAD and governments, focusing on rural development and poverty reduction. It is important to stress at this point that what we seek to achieve include: a) Self evolved and self-sustaining farmer groups; and. Gian Nicola Francesconi & Fleur Wouterse, 2015. Directorate of Agricultural Extension Services, P. O Box M37
New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Compan. Local organisations: Intermediaries in rural development. Farmer Based Organization Secretariat Directorate of Agricultural Extension Services P. O Box M37 Ministries – Accra Types of planning methods used: directive or participative, top-down or bottom-up, or balance of methods to maximize participation. Agricultural System, 7(4), 157-161. Membership in an FBO does not necessarily guarantee credit: Whilst this may not be documented, it appears that most people join FBOs with an intention to receive credit most of which are not paid back because it is “government money”. New York Organizations. 1. In accordance with the authorizing legislation, priority will be given to partnerships and collaborations led by or including nongovernmental, community-based farmer organizations, Policy
Rome: FAO. Acquiring facilitation skills is important. Step 3. Gupta, V. K., & Gaikwad, V. R. (1986). Since farmer groups are owned by farmers, apex bodies must by default be owned by farmers.Ownership however may not necessarily imply direct management since like any other corporate institution the owners/shareholders may hire management expertise for its efficient administration albeit under the auspices of a controlling authority. Like any other voluntary organization, farmers/fishermen/herdsmen must be free to join up and participate democratically in their FBOs. Seetharaman, S. P., & Shingi, P. M. (1992). issues in establishing and strengthening farmer organizations, Steps in establishing farmer organizations, Policy issues in establishing and strengthening farmer organizations. Similarly, the commercial sector needs peace and prosperity to avoid social unrest and to stop thefts and other problems. Balance between group maintenance needs, individual needs, and task needs8. Chamala, S., & Mortiss, P. D. (1990). A group could get help, but it needs to mobilize its resources too. The VEW can help the leaders in setting up a community meeting to strengthen FOs or to form a new one. The Farmer Organization Development Strategy (FODS) is one of the 15 "New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition Cooperation Framework" reforms that the government of Malawi committed to fulfilling in 2013 in order to improve the environment for increased agricultural investments. VEWs can help the community to understand the reasons and causes for decline. A. Christenson & J. W. J. R. Robinson (Eds. FARMER ORGANISATIONS:Formation And Management Dr. R P Singh Associate Director Extension Education 2. To whom do we have accountability? FBOs are employers of their administrative staff and not vice versa. Talking to Leaders about Why FOs Are Less Active. See Chamala and Mortiss (1990) and Carman and Keith (1994) for techniques on participative planning and community consultation. In all these it appeared the overriding resistance was from a perception of the ministry trying to control FBOs; a situation which seemed to pose a threat to some existing kingdoms. In principle therefore an FBO apex body cannot exist without a constituency of farmers or allied groups of agriculture operators. Guide to monitoring and evaluation of small farmers' cooperatives in Asia, p. 121. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. Step 10. When we present ourselves in organized forums, who sponsors us and whose interest do we seek? Farmer-based organisations (FBOs) are formed in the communal farming communities, mostly by Agricultural Support Services (ASS) providers with the aim that rural communities will become sustainable and manage their own community development activities. Many FOs have failed because of corruption, mismanagement, conflict, and lack of clear goals. Presentation on Farmer Based Organizations. Some were discussed earlier, but two issues need clarification and discussion (see also Korten, 1989; Esman & Uphoff, 1984; Burkey, 1993; Garforth, 1993). Several methods are available, such as SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis, prioritizing, and action-planning methods. At least ten factors are identified under this category: 1. Getting to the 21st century: Voluntary action and the global agenda. "Promoting the role of farmer-based organizations for value chain integration: the tension between a program's targeting and an organization's investment strategy," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. Getting the multiple perspectives of identified leaders in the community informally is the next step. … On organizing equity: Are solutions really the problem? This step is similar to step 1 for establishing farmer organizations. Descriptive statistics was used to characterize farmers in the study. b) Apex bodies of FBO networks that are sustained by their memberships. In Romania, NFS works with their partner Mariana, operating an organic farm, which accommodates survivors of human trafficking. They need to watch for people who want to take over the FOs for their self-interest. Identifying Potential Leaders in the Community. One should not take a blueprint approach, but rather a learning-process approach within an action-learning framework (Korten, 198). IUCN is onto something with the Global Standard for Nature-based Solutions and its associated self-assessment. Will organized low-resource farmers compete for extension services with the existing commercial farm sector, and if so, how can this issue be resolved? Do we report back to our sponsors? Just as in farmer-to-farmer extension methods, VEWs should help link the commercial sector with the low-resource farm sector so that win-win projects can be developed. Community consultation techniques: Purposes, processes and pitfalls - A guide for planners and facilitators. Members should agree on levies that will enable them cover administrative costs and must contribute equities that assures them of their membership status and right to ownership. Ames: Iowa State University Press. Brisbane: Australian Academic Press. In many developed countries, volunteers are a major force in providing services to the community. It is necessary to guide the community in a positive direction to develop working strategies. Write a Review Report Work . Noppakun, M., & Chamala, S. (1992). In the past two decades, Ghana has witnessed many governmental and nongovernmental projects Group structure and size3. Proceedings of a seminar held in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, November 10-15, 1992. Government and nongovernment agencies can influence the effectiveness: 11. It is the community's organization for their development, so the leaders' opinions and support should be obtained. VEWs need to understand the factors that influence group or organization effectiveness or success (see details in Box 3). ), Research in Rural Sociology and Development. Several steps are suggested below to revive or revitalize existing FOs. Farmer-driven processing/post-harvesting enterprises with FOs as shareholders Several different business models have been adopted in which FOs are shareholders, including the following: ESOP mechanism. Some policy makers believe that strong farmer organizations could create more demand on research and extension. A clear area for their participation will be representation on the Research-Extension-Farmer Linkage Committees (RELCs). The success of the farmer organization can be evaluated by measuring the increase in the members' productivity, the increase in their net income, and the net reduction in the cost of cultivation due to bulk purchases of inputs by the organization. Apex networks are necessary to enable FBOs take advantage of the economies of scale in numbers. The Public Access Library Grant White Twaya 99 PAGES (25374 WORDS) Agricultural Education Thesis . However, the best way to reinforce the universal value of this tool is for different types of organisations to apply the self-assessment to their own projects. 5 million pilot support project for 48 selected women farmer-based organisations across Sefwi- Waiwso in the Western North Region. The Coordinator,Farmer Based Organization Secretariat
In S. Chamala & K. Keith (Eds. existing system of Farmer Field Schools (FFS), training over 40,000 farmer facilitators in 1465 FFS of 25-30 farmers with support from a number of NGOs and donors. Farmer Based Organizations (FBOs) Networks and Apex organizations act as mouthpieces of FBOs and represent their interest in ensuring the best possible financial and social positions for their members within the national economy.They provide a platform for the provision of promotional and advisory services and become the conduit for advocacy with collaborators, especially, in pricing and other marketing negotiations with distributors and industrialists. Ecologically, the commercial sector is dependent on resource-poor or other minority tribes and groups for their survival. 15. Local organizations and leadership in community development. Group (FO) Internal Factors. Adoption of livestock practices by successful and less successful extension groups of small farmers. Effect Of Participation In Farmer Based Organisations On Profitability Of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan) Enterprise In Mulanje District, Malawi. Step 6. In recent years, working with Farmer Based Organisation has been on the agenda of most extension services deliverers in the country. Group culture: empowering or controlling or a balance. Mortiss, P. D., & Chamala, S. (1991). This has been the bane of FBO development in Ghana.Granted that the website is not the most up to date locus for information on FBOs but it provides in the very least a reference point as may be attested to by many local and foreign agencies including IFPRI in its research on FBOs in Ghana. The fact that they are apex bodies implies the existence of a network of bodies from a base to the top. People first: A guide to self-reliant participatory development. Garforth, C. (1993). Useful procedures are outlined in steps 7 to 10 in the section on establishing farmer organizations. Learning organizations are created through collective reflection and openness on financial and the other managerial matters (Senge, 1990). Quite often, employees of cooperative associations do not demonstrate sufficient commitment to members of the group, a situation which leads to dissatisfaction and their eventual disintegration. Group management skills for Landcare: A trainers' guide, p. 407. The key factor here is for the VEW to gain the community's trust in order to help them develop. Follow Author . Hence the community influences a group's success. These monitoring or reflection processes help strengthen FOs and avoid self-defeating problems. Esman, M. J., & Uphoff, N. T. (1984). Step 4. The usual tendency is for the VEWs to talk to formal … FBO networks at local/community levels provide ideal numbers for capacity building and training in business skills, accounting and financial management, adherence to entrepreneurship principles including transparency and accountability as well as organizational leadership. Gupta, V. K. (1989). In other developing economies, particularly, in Asia and East Africa, such Organizations are forces to reckon with since they determine prices and even supply levels. This will allow them at various levels to benefit from the many advantages that may accrue from population thresholds that will make them economically viable. Garkovich, L. E. (1989). Burkey, S. (1993). I must admit there were also very credible FBOs and even self sustaining networks whose credibility led to the establishment of an active database and a website. Again, VEWs can talk to key leaders and seek their ideas on how to strengthen or revitalize the existing FOs or how to create new ones. Will strong farmer organizations create more demand for services, and if so, how can this issue be resolved? organizations include: Farmer and Nature Net (FNN), Cambodia. Journal of Extension System, 9(2), 33-64. Establishing a group: A participative action model. We use new data on 500 Farmer‐Based Organizations (FBOs) in Ghana and regression analysis to reveal determinants of collective investments and the case of the Millennium Development Authority's (MiDA) agricultural program in Ghana to demonstrate that development programs offering hard incentives may be counterproductive in promoting collective action. Farmer organisations 1. Currently, there are many FBOs, most of which were formed to respond to project requirements. Community organizing for people's empowerment. What legal instruments exist to ensure sustenance of the relationships between employees of the apex bodies and the owners of the network. Brisbane: Australian Academic Press. Participation in irrigation projects: Changing patterns in northwestern India. Agribusiness cooperatives, p. 210.
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